It is believed Julian of Norwich as one of the greatest English mystics of the Catholic Church was the saint. She admired the Evangelical Lutheran churches. Very little is known about her life away from her writing, including the date of her death. Was previously known that she was alive in 1416 when she was 73 years. Her name is unclear; name "Julian" coming from the Church of St. Julian in Norwich, where she was an ascetic (a kind of monk, who lives in the adjacent church and take part in prayer and thoughtful). 11th century, the city was in the South East of England in second place after London.
At age 30, suffers from a serious illness to believe that she was on her deathbed, Julian series of intense visions of Jesus. (End time she recovered her illness on May 13, 1373). Julian was recorded shortly after the visions they have, and then wrote about it again after twenty years. The first version, called "short version" is an account of visions. Written after twenty years, and contains the text of a long study of the meaning of theological visions. Named sixteen verses of Divine Love (ca. 1393) and these visions are the main source of labor. It is believed that this first book in English before woman.Julian spiritual authority is also known throughout England: the convent of Margery Kempe mentions going to Norwich to talk to them.
Completed a short text of Revelation of Love by 1413, as stated in the introduction. Amherst manuscript of the fifteenth century, now in British Library, named Julian was still alive. She never called Tudor manuscript and Westminster. It is called the colophon to the manuscript text Elizabethan long Brigittine produced in exile in Antwerp, now known as the hand in Paris. In the seventeenth century, and some manuscripts written and maintained in Cambrai and Paris of the English Benedictine nuns in exile killed her. These three contain the long text, in whole or in part, to the full texts of the group at the British Library Sloane. It is believed that these nuns of the manuscripts kept longer text book of Revelation.
The first printed version of the marks available to the public in 1670, edited by Sahar Benedictine Serenus. Unknown until the twentieth century. Sahar printed edition in 1843.1864, and again in 1902. However, it was Warrack blessing in 1901 with a copy of the book "Introduction to the word" science "presented the most readers at the beginning of the twentieth century, Julian. After that, the spread of the name Julian quickly because they have become the subject of many lectures and writings. Edition published in 1979 Julian burning work, and sold widely after this book discuss, in a time of renewed spiritual search by many. It is recognized today as one of the most important English mystic Julian.
Theology
Statue of Julian (white) appears on the front of the Cathedral of Norwich, along with the statue of St. Benedict.
Although Julian lived in a time of riots, and its theology was optimistic, speaking of the love of God in terms of joy and compassion and not of law and duty. Julian, suffering punishment inflicted is not God, as was a common understanding. She believed that God loves and wants to save everyone. Popular theology, magnified by current events, including the Black Death, and a series of peasant revolts that God punishes the wicked. In response, suggested Julian that the theology of mercy, which some say is biased toward the salvation of all. She believed that behind the reality of hell is the biggest mystery of God's love. In modern times, were classified as universal, Proto, and yet claim no more hope that all be saved. [9] Despite the views of Julian were not typical, local authorities and theology does not challenge or her position or authority for an ascetic. Lack of work during the reference may indicate that religious authorities was not considered worthy of an answer, because they do not have much power as a woman. [Citation needed]
Theology of Julian is unique in three aspects: a view of sin, and the belief that God is all about love and not anger, and you see the mother of Jesus. According to Julian, God is the father and mother should. Feminist theology has been developed to the 20th centuries and 21 similar lines.
Julian believed that sin was necessary because it brings to life one of self-knowledge, leading to the acceptance of the role of God in human life. Julian taught that the sin of mankind are ignorant or naive, not because they're bad, and that was the reason usually given by the church of sin in the Middle Ages. Julian believes that in order to learn, we must fail. Also, to fail, we must sin. The pain caused by sin is a reminder of the mundane to the Passion of Christ. Therefore, because people are suffering like Christ did, and it will be closer to him than their experience.
Similarly, Julian does not see the wrath of God. She felt anger, that exists only in humans, but that God forgives us for that purpose. She wrote: "Because I do not see the anger only on the side of man, and forgive us, to the wrath of anything else but the stubbornness Oualemardp of peace and love." Julian believes that it is inaccurate to talk about God grant you forgiveness for their sins forgiven because of the sin of wrong means. Son Julian, a person must see that sin as part of the learning of life, and evil that needs forgiveness. Julian writes that God sees us as perfect, and waiting for the day when the souls of human beings "that evil and sin graduate will not interfere with a person's life.
Finally, the theology of Julian was controversial for belief in God as Mother. Some scientists believe this is a metaphor, not literal belief or faith. Revelation of its fourth session, Julian writes of the Trinity at the local level, compared with the mother of Jesus, who is smart, loving, and merciful. (See Jesus' mother, Caroline Walker Bynum. Need a source to quote and complete information.) Revelation Julian discovered that God is our mother so much pain. On the other hand, F Beer argues that Julian believed that the maternal side of Jesus and the literal and metaphorical, the messiah is not like a mother, she quite literally, is [14] Julian believes that the role of the mother was sincere. All jobs on the planet. This was approved by explaining how the relationship between mother and child relationship is a close connection earthly Only one can be with Jesus. It also connects to God and motherhood in terms of (1) "Foundation to create our nature, and (2)" takes our nature, where maternal grace begins "and (3)" The mothers in the work, writes metaphorically of Christ in connection with pregnancy, nursing, work, and education, but sees him as a brother, as well.
Benedictine Norwich in England, Cardinal Adam Easton OSB may be Julian Norwich manager spiritual view and edit the text of love is long. Birgitta of Sweden's spiritual director, Alfonso Pecha, monk, Bishop of Jaen and edit them Revelationes. It was recognized Catherine of Siena, and executor William Flete, Augustinian monk of Lecceto Cambridge educated. Nesta in defense of the D St. Birgitta of individual Alfonso Jaen Epistola, and. William Flete remedies against temptations, all referred to in the text of Julian
What can I say, says: "... all that good, all good, and things will be good," Julian, who claimed her by God, it reflects the theology. This is one of the most famous lines in the Catholic theological writing, and one of the most famous sentences in literature of its time.
Century poet in 20 T.S. Include this statement Elliott, as well as Julian "Earth from our supplication" Revelation 14, in his book "Little Gidding", the fourth of four quatrains poems:
Whatever we inherit from the fortunate
We have taken from the defeated
What they had to leave us a symbol:
A symbol perfected in death.
And all shall be well and
All manner of thing shall be well
By the purification of the motive
In the ground of our beseeching.
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